-- Based on [[module:tl-pron]] by TagaSanPedroAko, in turn based on [[module:es-pronunc]] by Benwing2.
-- Adaptation by TagaSanPedroAko.
local export = {}
local pron_utilities_module = "Module:pron utilities"
local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("hil")
local u = mw.ustring.char
local rfind = mw.ustring.find
local rsubn = mw.ustring.gsub
local rsplit = mw.text.split
local ulower = mw.ustring.lower
local AC = u(0x0301) -- acute = ́
local GR = u(0x0300) -- grave = ̀
local CFLEX = u(0x0302) -- circumflex = ̂
local TILDE = u(0x0303) -- tilde = ̃
local DIA = u(0x0308) -- diaeresis = ̈
local MACRON = u(0x0304) -- macron
local vowel = "aeəiouàèìòù" -- vowel
local V = "[" .. vowel .. "]"
local accent = AC .. GR .. CFLEX .. MACRON
local accent_c = "[" .. accent .. "]"
local stress_c = "[" .. AC .. GR .. "]"
local ipa_stress = "ˈˌ"
local ipa_stress_c = "[" .. ipa_stress .. "]"
local separator = accent .. ipa_stress .. "# ."
local separator_c = "[" .. separator .. "]"
local C = "[^" .. vowel .. separator .. "]" -- consonant
local unstressed_words = require("Module:table").listToSet({
"ang", "sa", "sang", "si", "sing", "ni", "kay", -- case markers.
"ko", "ta", "mi", "mo", "ka", --single-syllable personal pronouns
"nga", -- also temporal particle
"daw", "ga", "gid", "ha", "pa", -- particles
"pag", "kon", -- subordinating conjunctions
"kag", "o", -- coordinating conjunctions
"hay", -- interjections
"de", "del", "el", "la", "las", "los", "sur", -- in some Spanish-derived terms and names
"-an", "-han", "gin-", "hi-", "-hin", "hin-", "hing-", "-hon", "-in-", "mag-", "mang-", "-on", "pa-", "pag-", "pang-"-- affixes
})
-- version of rsubn() that discards all but the first return value
local function rsub(term, foo, bar)
local retval = rsubn(term, foo, bar)
return retval
end
-- version of rsubn() that returns a 2nd argument boolean indicating whether
-- a substitution was made.
local function rsubb(term, foo, bar)
local retval, nsubs = rsubn(term, foo, bar)
return retval, nsubs > 0
end
-- apply rsub() repeatedly until no change
local function rsub_repeatedly(term, foo, bar)
while true do
local new_term = rsub(term, foo, bar)
if new_term == term then
return term
end
term = new_term
end
end
-- ɟ is used internally to represent [j]
--
function export.IPA(text, phonetic)
local debug = {}
text = ulower(text)
-- decompose everything but ñ and ü
text = mw.ustring.toNFD(text)
text = rsub(text, "." .. "[" .. TILDE .. DIA .. GR .."]", {
["a" .. GR] = "à",
["e" .. GR] = "è",
["i" .. GR] = "ì",
["o" .. GR] = "ò",
["u" .. GR] = "ù",
["n" .. TILDE] = "ñ",
["u" .. DIA] = "ü",
["e" .. DIA] = "ë",
})
-- convert commas and en/en dashes to IPA foot boundaries
text = rsub(text, "%s*[,–—]%s*", " | ")
-- question mark or exclamation point in the middle of a sentence -> IPA foot boundary
text = rsub(text, "([^%s])%s*[!?]%s*([^%s])", "%1 | %2")
-- canonicalize multiple spaces and remove leading and trailing spaces
local function canon_spaces(text)
text = rsub(text, "%s+", " ")
text = rsub(text, "^ ", "")
text = rsub(text, " $", "")
return text
end
text = canon_spaces(text)
-- Make prefixes unstressed unless they have an explicit stress marker; also make certain
-- monosyllabic words (e.g. [[ang]], [[sang]], [[si]], [[nga]], etc.) without stress marks be
-- unstressed.
local words = rsplit(text, " ")
for i, word in ipairs(words) do
if rfind(word, "%-$") and not rfind(word, accent_c) or unstressed_words[word] then
-- add macron to the last vowel not the first one
-- adding the macron after the 'u'
words[i] = rsub(word, "^(.*" .. V .. ")", "%1" .. MACRON)
end
end
text = table.concat(words, " ")
-- Convert hyphens to spaces
text = rsub(text, "%-", " ")
-- canonicalize multiple spaces again, which may have been introduced by hyphens
text = canon_spaces(text)
-- now eliminate punctuation
text = rsub(text, "[!?']", "")
-- put # at word beginning and end and double ## at text/foot boundary beginning/end
text = rsub(text, " | ", "# | #")
text = "##" .. rsub(text, " ", "# #") .. "##"
table.insert(debug, text)
-- handle certain combinations; ch, ly ng and sh handling needs to go first
text = rsub(text, "([t]?)ch", "ts")
text = rsub(text, "([n]?)g̃", "ŋ") -- Spanish spelling support
text = rsub(text, "ng", "ŋ")
text = rsub(text, "sh", "sy")
--x
text = rsub(text, "([#])x([aeëiou])", "%1s%2")
text = rsub(text, "x", "ks")
--ll
text = rsub(text, "ll([i]?)([aeëiou])", "ly%2")
--c, gü/gu+e or i, q
text = rsub(text, "c([iey])", "s%1")
text = rsub(text, "([aeëiou])gü([ie])", "%1ɡw%2")
text = rsub(text, "gü([ie])", "ɡuw%1")
text = rsub(text, "gu([ie])", "ɡ%1")
text = rsub(text, "qu([ie])", "k%1")
text = rsub(text, "ü", "u")
text = rsub(text, "ë", "ə")
--alphabet-to-phoneme
text = rsub(text, "[cfgjñqrvz7]",
--["g"]="ɡ": U+0067 LATIN SMALL LETTER G → U+0261 LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G
{ ["c"] = "k", ["f"] = "p", ["g"] = "ɡ", ["j"] = "dy", ["ñ"] = "ny", ["q"] = "k", ["r"] = "ɾ", ["v"] = "b", ["z"] = "s", ["7"] = "ʔ"})
-- trill in rr
text = rsub(text, "ɾɾ", "r")
table.insert(debug, text)
--determining whether "y" is a consonant or a vowel
text = rsub(text, "y(" .. V .. ")", "ɟ%1") -- not the real sound
text = rsub(text,"y([ˈˌ.]*)([bćĉdfɡhjĵklmnɲŋpɾrsʃtvwɟzʔ" .. vowel .. "])","i%1%2")
text = rsub(text, "y#", "i")
text = rsub(text, "w(" .. V .. ")","w%1")
text = rsub(text,"w([ˈˌ]?)([bćĉdfɡjĵklmnɲŋpɾrsʃtvwɟzʔ])","u%1%2")
text = rsub(text, "w#","u")
table.insert(debug, text)
-- Add glottal stop for words starting with vowel
text = rsub(text, "([#])([aeëiou])", "%1ʔ%2")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*)(" .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*" .. C .. ")(" .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. V .. accent_c .. "*" .. C .. "+)(" .. C .. C .. V .. ")", "%1.%2")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "(" .. C .. ")%.s(" .. C .. ")", "%1s.%2")
-- Any aeo, or stressed iu, should be syllabically divided from a following aeo or stressed iu.
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([aeo]" .. accent_c .. "*)([aeo])", "%1.%2")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([aeo]" .. accent_c .. "*)(" .. V .. stress_c .. ")", "%1.%2")
text = rsub(text, "([iuə]" .. stress_c .. ")([aeo])", "%1.%2")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([iuə]" .. stress_c .. ")(" .. V .. stress_c .. ")", "%1.%2")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "i(" .. accent_c .. "*)i", "i%1.i")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "u(" .. accent_c .. "*)u", "u%1.u")
table.insert(debug, text)
local accent_to_stress_mark = { [AC] = "ˈ", [CFLEX] = "ˈʔ", [MACRON] = ""}
local function accent_word(word, syllables)
-- Now stress the word. If any accent exists in the word (including macron indicating an unaccented word),
-- put the stress mark(s) at the beginning of the indicated syllable(s). Otherwise, apply the default
-- stress rule.
if rfind(word, accent_c) then
for i = 1, #syllables do
syllables[i] = rsub(syllables[i], "^(.*)(" .. accent_c .. ")(.*)$",
function(pre, accent, post)
return accent_to_stress_mark[accent] .. pre .. post
end
)
end
else
-- Default stress rule. Words without vowels (e.g. IPA foot boundaries) don't get stress.
if #syllables > 1 and rfind(word, "[^aeiouəàèìòùʔbcĉdfɡghjɟĵklmnñŋpqrɾstvwxz#]#") or #syllables == 1 and rfind(word, "[aeiouàèìòù]") then
syllables[#syllables] = "ˈ" .. syllables[#syllables]
elseif #syllables >= 2 then
syllables[#syllables - 1] = "ˈ" .. syllables[#syllables - 1]
end
end
end
local words = rsplit(text, " ")
for j, word in ipairs(words) do
-- accentuation
local syllables = rsplit(word, "%.")
accent_word(word, syllables)
-- Reconstruct the word.
words[j] = table.concat(syllables, phonetic and "." or "")
end
text = table.concat(words, " ")
-- suppress syllable mark before IPA stress indicator
text = rsub(text, "%.(" .. ipa_stress_c .. ")", "%1")
--make all primary stresses but the last one be secondary
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "ˈ(.+)ˈ", "ˌ%1ˈ")
table.insert(debug,text)
--correct final glottal stop placement
text = rsub(text,"([ˈˌ])ʔ([#]*)([ʔbĉćdfɡhĵɟklmnŋɲpɾrsʃtvwz])([aeiouə])","%1%2%3%4ʔ")
--vowels with grave to vowel+glottal stop
text = rsub(text,"à","aʔ")
text = rsub(text,"è","eʔ")
text = rsub(text,"ì","iʔ")
text = rsub(text,"ò","oʔ")
text = rsub(text,"ù","uʔ")
table.insert(debug,text)
--add temporary macron for /o/ in stressed syllables so they don't get replaced by unstressed form
text = rsub(text,"([ˈˌ])([#]*)([ʔbćĉdfɡhĵɟklmnŋpɾrstvwz]?)([ɟlnɾst]?)([o])([ʔbdfɡiklmnŋpɾst]?)([bdɡklmnpɾst]?)","%1%2%3%4ō%6%7")
table.insert(debug, text)
--Corrections for diphthongs
text = rsub(text,"([aeōou])i","%1j") --ay and oy
text = rsub(text,"([aaeioō])u","%1w") --aw, ew, iw and ow
table.insert(debug, text)
--remove "ɟ" and "w" inserted on vowel pair starting with "i" and "u"
text = rsub(text,"([i])([ˈˌ]?)ɟ([aeoōu])","%1%2%3")
text = rsub(text,"([u])([ˈˌ]?)w([aei])","%1%2%3")
table.insert(debug, text)
--phonetic transcription
if phonetic then
table.insert(debug, text)
--Turn phonemic diphthongs to phonetic diphthongs
text = rsub(text, "([aeəou])j", "%1ɪ̯")
text = rsub(text, "([aeəio])w", "%1ʊ̯")
table.insert(debug, text)
--change unstressed u to unstressed allophone
text = rsub(text,"o","ʊ")
table.insert(debug,text)
--remove "j" and "w" inserted on vowel pair starting with "i" and "u"
text = rsub(text,"([i])([ˈˌ]?)j([aeōʊu])","%1%2%3")
text = rsub(text,"([ʊu])([ˈˌ]?)w([aeiō])","%1%2%3")
table.insert(debug, text)
--Combine consonants (except H) followed by I/U and certain stressed vowels
text = rsub(text,"([bkdfɡlmnpɾstvz])i([ˈˌ])([aeiō])","%2%1ɟ%3")
text = rsub(text,"([bkdfɡlmnpɾstvz])u([ˈˌ])([aeiō])","%2%1w%3")
text = rsub(text,"([h])u([ˈˌ])([ei])","%2%1w%3") -- only for hu with (ei) combination
table.insert(debug, text)
-- foreign s consonant clusters
text = rsub(text,"([ˈˌ.]?)([#]*)([.]?)([s])([ʔbdɡhklmnŋpɾrt])([ɟlnɾst]?)([aeiɪ̯oōuʊ̯])","%2.ʔi%4%1%5%6%7")
text = rsub(text,"([ˈˌ])([ʔbdɡhɟklmnŋpɾrstw]?)([ɟlnɾst]?)([o])","%1%2%3ō")
table.insert(debug, text)
text = rsub(text,"([nŋ])([ˈˌ# .]*[bpv])","m%2")
text = rsub(text,"([ŋ])([ˈˌ# .]*[dlst])","n%2")
text = rsub(text,"n([ˈˌ.])k","ŋ%1k") -- /n/ before /k/ (some proper nouns)
text = rsub(text,"n([ˈˌ.])ɡ","ŋ%1ɡ") -- /n/ before /ɡ/ (some proper nouns and loanwords)
text = rsub(text,"n([ˈˌ.])h","ŋ%1h") -- /n/ before /h/ (some proper nouns)
--text = rsub(text,"n([ˈˌ.])m","m%1m") -- /n/ before /m/
text = rsub(text,"t([ˈˌ.])s([aāeəiīouū])","%1ć%2") -- /t/ before /s/
text = rsub(text,"t([.])s","ts") -- /t/ before /s/
-- text = rsub(text,"([ōʊ])([m])([.]?)([ˈ]?)([pb])","u%2%3%4%5") -- /o/ before /mb/ or /mp/
--final fix for phonetic diphthongs
text = rsub(text,"([ōuʊ])ɪ̯","oɪ̯") --oy or uy
table.insert(debug, text)
--delete temporary macron in /u/
text = rsub(text,"ō","o")
table.insert(debug, text)
--Change /ʊ/ to /o/ depending on surrounding phonemes
text = rsub(text,"([bdɡhklmnŋprɾstwjɟʔ])([lɾt]?)ʊ([bdɡhklmnŋprɾstwj]?)([#])","%1%2o%3%4")
end
table.insert(debug, text)
--delete temporary macron in /u/
text = rsub(text,"ō","o")
-- convert fake symbols to real ones
local final_conversions = {
["ɟ"] = "j", -- fake "y" to real "y"
}
local final_conversions_phonetic = {
["ɟ"] = "j", -- fake "y" to real "y"
["ć"] = "t͡s", -- fake "y" to real "y"
}
if phonetic then
text = rsub(text, "[ćɟ]", final_conversions_phonetic)
end
text = rsub(text, "[ɟ]", final_conversions)
-- remove # symbols at word and text boundaries
text = rsub(text, "#([.]?)", "")
-- resuppress syllable mark before IPA stress indicator
text = rsub(text, "%.(" .. ipa_stress_c .. ")", "%1")
-- Do not have multiple syllable break consecutively
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]+)", ".")
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([.]?)(" .. ipa_stress_c .. ")([.]?)", "%2")
return mw.ustring.toNFC(text)
end
local function respelling_to_IPA(data)
return ("/%s/ [%s]"):format(export.IPA(data.respelling, false), export.IPA(data.respelling, true))
end
function export.show(frame)
local parent_args = frame:getParent().args
return require(pron_utilities_module).format_prons {
lang = lang,
respelling_to_IPA = respelling_to_IPA,
raw_args = parent_args,
track_module = "hil-pron",
}
end
return export
