utiliser
ภาษาฝรั่งเศส
[แก้ไข]รากศัพท์
[แก้ไข]จากภาษาอิตาลี utilizzare.
การออกเสียง
[แก้ไข]- สัทอักษรสากล(คำอธิบาย): /y.ti.li.ze/
เสียง: (file)
คำกริยา
[แก้ไข]utiliser
การผันรูป
[แก้ไข]การผันรูปของ utiliser (ดูเพิ่ม ภาคผนวก:คำกริยาภาษาฝรั่งเศส)
| infinitive | simple | utiliser | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | utilisant /y.ti.li.zɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | utilisé /y.ti.li.ze/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | utilise /y.ti.liz/ |
utilises /y.ti.liz/ |
utilise /y.ti.liz/ |
utilisons /y.ti.li.zɔ̃/ |
utilisez /y.ti.li.ze/ |
utilisent /y.ti.liz/ |
| imperfect | utilisais /y.ti.li.zɛ/ |
utilisais /y.ti.li.zɛ/ |
utilisait /y.ti.li.zɛ/ |
utilisions /y.ti.li.zjɔ̃/ |
utilisiez /y.ti.li.zje/ |
utilisaient /y.ti.li.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | utilisai /y.ti.li.ze/ |
utilisas /y.ti.li.za/ |
utilisa /y.ti.li.za/ |
utilisâmes /y.ti.li.zam/ |
utilisâtes /y.ti.li.zat/ |
utilisèrent /y.ti.li.zɛʁ/ | |
| future | utiliserai /y.ti.liz.ʁe/ |
utiliseras /y.ti.liz.ʁa/ |
utilisera /y.ti.liz.ʁa/ |
utiliserons /y.ti.liz.ʁɔ̃/ |
utiliserez /y.ti.liz.ʁe/ |
utiliseront /y.ti.liz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | utiliserais /y.ti.liz.ʁɛ/ |
utiliserais /y.ti.liz.ʁɛ/ |
utiliserait /y.ti.liz.ʁɛ/ |
utiliserions /y.ti.li.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
utiliseriez /y.ti.li.zə.ʁje/ |
utiliseraient /y.ti.liz.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | utilise /y.ti.liz/ |
utilises /y.ti.liz/ |
utilise /y.ti.liz/ |
utilisions /y.ti.li.zjɔ̃/ |
utilisiez /y.ti.li.zje/ |
utilisent /y.ti.liz/ |
| imperfect2 | utilisasse /y.ti.li.zas/ |
utilisasses /y.ti.li.zas/ |
utilisât /y.ti.li.za/ |
utilisassions /y.ti.li.za.sjɔ̃/ |
utilisassiez /y.ti.li.za.sje/ |
utilisassent /y.ti.li.zas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | utilise /y.ti.liz/ |
— | utilisons /y.ti.li.zɔ̃/ |
utilisez /y.ti.li.ze/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
อ่านเพิ่ม
[แก้ไข]- “utiliser” ใน le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).